The number 1 represents a single entity and is an important unit of measurement and counting. For example, a line segment of one unit length is designated a length of one. As the smallest positive integer, 1 is the first in the sequence of natural numbers. Some sports even assign players with the number 1 as the lowest player numbers. For example, the American Football Association assigns players with the number 1 to their starting linebacks. The number 1 is also the starting fullback in most rugby leagues and rugby unions.

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One is a multiplicative identity. This means that any number multiplied by one will have the same value. Therefore, most properties of 1 are derived from its multiplicative identity, which makes it a prime number. However, this does not mean that 1 is a number by convention, and it is often used as a denotation even if it is not a number. The number 1 is not a prime number and is not by convention considered to be a prime number. The debate over the primeness of 1 continued until the mid-20th century. Despite its unique use in science, the number 1 has a wide range of applications, including as the first number in a group.

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